Everything About ISRO and Its Achievements

In this article, we will know about ISRO in detail. We will see the achievements of ISRO and their major missions.

Introduction to ISRO

The full name of ISRO is "Indian Space Research Organization". ISRO develops satellite products and equipment for special applications and provides them to the nation. These include geographic information systems, communications, broadcasting, weather forecasting, disaster management tools, navigation, mapping, telemedicine (remote diagnosis and treatment of patients through telecommunication technology) and distance education satellites.

ISRO is one of the six government space agencies in the world which has full launch capability. It is capable of deploying cryogenic engines (operating at sub-zero temperatures), launching missions outside the Earth's atmosphere or operating large fleets of artificial satellites.

History and Foundation of ISRO

Space research activities in our country had started in the early 1960s.Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, who is called the father of the Indian space program, was convinced that the resources of space could solve the real problems of the common people and society.

When was ISRO established?

ISRO was established on August 15, 1969. ISRO replaced its predecessor INCOSPAR (Indian National Committee for Space Research), which was founded in 1962 by India's first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and India's great scientist Vikram Sarabhai.

Key Achievements and Milestones of ISRO

The Indian Space Research Organization has become one of the top space research centres in the world with the aim of using space technology for the development of the nation along with planetary exploration and space science research. Before ISRO, INCOSPAR (Indian National Committee for Space Research) had launched its first rocket in 1963.

From carrying a rocket on a bicycle to reaching Mars in its first attempt, ISRO has come a long way. Here are the top 10 achievements of ISRO that have put ISRO on the world map.

Launching of INSAT

INSAT's name is included in the early missions of ISRO. INSAT means “Indian National Satellite System”. It was one of the few domestic communications satellite systems in the Asia-Pacific region. It included 9 communication satellites which were placed in Geostationary orbit.

With the launch of INSAT in the year 1983, a major revolution started in the communication sector of the country.

India's first satellite Aryabhatta by ISRO

ISRO's first successful satellite was named after the country's great astronomer Aryabhata. It was launched on April 19, 1975, from Kapustin Yar, Astrakhan Oblast with a Russian rocket named Kosmos-3M. This satellite remained in space for 17 years. After this, on February 10, 1992, it re-entered the Earth's atmosphere.

SRE-1

It was launched on January 10, 2007, from the first launchpad of Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. PSLV C7 rocket was used to launch it, which also included 3 other satellites. The purpose of this entire mission was to demonstrate the ability of the orbiting space capsule to recover.

Development of RLV

The Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) mission is also one of the famous missions of ISRO.Its first test was done on May 23, 2016. As soon as this rocket gets the green signal, it will give a new direction to ISRO in the mission of science research and space exploration.

Recent Major Launch by ISRO

Chandrayaan-1

Chandrayaan-1 was the mission of ISRO which completely changed India's space exploration methodology. It was the country's first lunar exploration under the Chandrayaan programme, which was launched in October 2008.

The mission consisted of a lunar impactor and orbiter and remained in operation until August 2009. The objective behind launching it was to explore the mineralogy, geology and topography of the moon.

Launch of 104 satellites simultaneously: ISRO's Key Milestone

Launch of 104 satellites, this launch of such large number of satellites simultaneously was launched from Sriharikota in 2017 with the help of the Indian rocket Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. Getting all these satellites into their orbit in a single effort is ISRO's biggest success so far.

Mangalyaan or MOM

India is the fourth country to reach Mars after America, Russia and Europe.MOM means “Mars Orbiter Mission”, it is also known as Mangalyaan (Mars-Craft). It is a space probe orbiting Mars. Reaching Mars has not been easy for any country. India is the only country which had reached Mars in its first attempt. Not only this, ISRO had completed this mission in only Rs 450 crore, which is the lowest budget to date.

ISRO's new achievements in 2020

Three spacecraft were launched by ISRO in 2020, which are as follows:

1.GSAT-30

2.EOS-01

3.CMS-01

Some FAQs about ISRO

Who is the current Chairman of ISRO?

Dr. S. Somanath is a Distinguished Scientist (Apex Grade) and Secretary of the Department of Space (DoS), Chairman of the Space Commission and Chairman, of ISRO since 14 January 2022.

Full Form of ISRO

The full form of ISRO is "Indian Space Research Organization".

Name of India's first spacecraft?

ISRO's first spacecraft was named 'Aryabhata', which was completely made in India.

Who was the Father of the Indian Space Program?

Dr. Vikram Sarabhai

Name of India's first rocket?

The country's first indigenous rocket made by ISRO was named RH-75.

Who was the first Chairman of ISRO?

The first Chairman of ISRO was Dr. Vikram Sarabhai.

ISRO's place in the world?

ISRO ranks 5th in the world after the space agencies of USA, China, Europe and Russia.

Some of the important facts about ISRO

1.ISRO's head quarter is in Bengaluru and it has a total of 13 centers across the country.

2. Till October 2016, ISRO has launched more than 100 domestic and foreign satellites. Many of the foreign satellites also belong to big countries like America and Russia.

3. ISRO's expenditure in the last 40 years is less than half of NASA's expenditure in one year.

4. ISRO's first satellite was launched on 19 April 1975 with the help of Russia. His name was Aryabhata.

5. Under the Chandrayaan-1 mission, ISRO had sent an unmanned spacecraft into the lunar orbit for research.

6. Under the Mangalyaan mission, ISRO sent a satellite to Mars on 5 November 2013, which was successfully established in the orbit of Mars on 24 September 2014 after a journey of 298 days.

7. Because of ISRO, India is the first country in Asia to reach Mars because earlier China and Japan had failed in their Mars missions.

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